Ask The Vet!
An educational and informative moment with Dr. Hunley (left) and Dr. Janosco (right) owners of Markham Woods Animal Hospital in Longwood.
Heat Stroke in Dogs and Cats
It's easy for our pets to overheat in warm weather. Unlike us, they can't remove layers when it gets hot, and they don't always have the option to move to cooler places or avoid the sun. Animals can't cool down by sweating as humans do, making it harder for them to regulate their body temperature. Dogs and cats can suffer from heat stroke, a life-threatening condition where the body temperature rises to dangerous levels, potentially causing organ failure or even death.
Which Animals Are More Susceptible to Heat Stroke?
Some pets are more vulnerable to heat stroke, including:
- Overweight animals
- Flat-faced (brachycephalic) breeds such as Pugs, French Bulldogs, or Persian cats
- Pets with thick undercoats
- Old or very young animals
- Pets with pre-existing conditions, especially those affecting the airway, lungs, or heart
What Causes Heat Stroke in Pets?
Heat stroke in pets doesn't always require extremely hot weather. Exercising too much in warm conditions or being in a poorly ventilated, warm, or humid environment can cause pets to overheat quickly. Flat-faced (brachycephalic) breeds can overheat even in cooler temperatures. Prevention is key, but it's also important to recognize the signs of heat stroke to treat your pet appropriately and know when to seek veterinary attention.
Early Signs of Heat Stroke in Pets
Early signs of heat stroke are similar in dogs and cats (though cats may show more subtle signs) and can include:
- Panting, which can worsen to distressed or noisy breathing
- Restlessness, agitation, pacing, seeking shade or water
- Drooling
- Red gums or tongue
- Increased heart rate
- Vomiting or diarrhea
Advanced Stages of Heat Stroke in Pets
In advanced stages, signs can include:
- Lethargy
- Confusion
- Weakness or collapse
- Seizures
First Aid for Heat Stroke in Cats and Dogs - Tips for Pet Owners
If you think your pet is overheating, act immediately as heat stroke can rapidly become a life-threatening emergency. The recommended approach is "cool first, transport second." Here's what to do:
- Move your pet to a cool, well-ventilated area or use a fan.
- Offer small sips of water (do not force them to drink).
- For young, healthy dogs, cool water immersion can be effective. Water should be cool, NOT ICE COLD.
- For older dogs or those with underlying health issues, use the evaporation method: Pour water (cooler than your dog but not ice-cold) over them and combine with air movement from a breeze, fan, or air conditioning. If this isn't possible, pour or hose cool water on them. Avoid ice-cold water, as it can reduce blood flow to the skin and hinder cooling or cause shivering, which increases heat generation.
Once you've started these steps, call your vet for further advice. Even if your pet seems better, it's crucial to have them checked, as serious signs of heat stroke may not be immediately apparent. Your vet will examine your pet and might recommend tests, supportive treatment, or observation until the signs of heat stroke have resolved. Early recognition and prompt action can help reduce the risk of serious consequences, but prevention is always best.
Tips for Preventing Heat stroke in Dogs and Cats
You can help keep your pet cool and comfortable in summer by:
- Providing plenty of fresh water at all times
- Ensuring they have access to shaded areas
- Avoiding strenuous exercise during the hottest parts of the day
- Never leaving them in parked cars, even for a short time
- Using cooling mats, fans, or air conditioning in their environment
- Keeping their coats well-groomed to facilitate natural cooling
By taking these precautions, you can help your furry friends stay safe and enjoy the summer comfortably.
At Markham Woods Animal Hospital, we prioritize your pet's health to ensure they enjoy a happy and healthy life. Schedule your pet’s appointment today 407-682-3233